African American ancestor with one of these surnames is found on the 1870 census, then making the link to finding that Chickasaw County is located in the northeast area of the state. GA, or from the westerns states of TN and KY. This group of people have been a varied group of many races and creeds who have given their allegiance to five flags.All these people originated in other areas and came to the area looking for new opportunities and a better way of life. Under the 1831 Treaty of Pontotoc, these lands became available for purchase from the Chickasaw Tribe and were quickly incorporated into the United States. The town of Sardis is the county seat for the First District, the northern part of the county, and Batesville is the county seat for the Second District, the southern part of the county. The property consists Finally a site offered by Joel Under the presidency of Andrew Jackson, the Indians were finally driven from Chickasaw Co. Jackson passed through the area on his return from the Battle of New Orleans in Feb 1813. men of CCC was the Natchez Trace Game Area. Blues musician Booker Bukka White was born in Houston in 1909. The property consists can be viewed to see if there were smaller slaveholders with that surname. Pontotoc soon afterward. However, they encountered Confederate troops at Palo alto and the Union forces were turned north toward Okolona. It was here that the ancestral remains were buried in the huge burial mound known as Nanih Waiya.There are several accounts on the brothers Chisca and Chocta and their respective followers on their parting of ways. The 1860 U.S. Census was the last U.S. census showing slaves and slaveholders. Hogs were to below nine cents a pound. The war had encouraged more agricultural productivity and more scientific methods of cultivation had been introduced. School children collected newspapers, scrap metal, tin cans and clothing for refugees. quickly reached a high pitch. However, the streets of both towns became a "sea of mud" during the rainy seasons and "miniature dust bowls" during the dry seasons. Over 9,000 Chickasaw Co citizens, male and female, responded to this request; all being volunteers. D. D. Dendy of the board of Supervisors; R. S. Mitchell, County Agent and George D. Riley, County Superintendent of Education formed a committee and met The state of MS and the county of Chickasaw did not achieve the wealth and culture that they had enjoyed before the war, but they had begun to prosper again. After 1930, money was tight and government at all levels sought solutions to the problem. Learn more. Palmyra Plantation: Quitman, Turner Poplar Grove Propinquity Plantation Providence Plantation: Veazie River Place (near Ellis Cliffs): Wolcot River Place (near Natchez Island): Industry began making a comeback during the last of the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Though the county was spared the constant presence of hostilities, the county was the scene of several clashes between the Union and Confederate troops. Joel Pinson donated a plot of ground to each of the four denominations represented in Houston at its founding. [2] The land on which the home stands was bought by Gordon from a Chickasaw woman, Molly Gunn, daughter of William Colbert and wife of James Gunn. In 1894, the enrollment was 451 and five different states and forty MS counties were represented in the student body. The actual number of slaveholders may be slightly Another newspaper, "The Houston Petrel" was established by B. F. Owen in 1857. addressed in this transcription. The Chickasaw Indians practiced a monotheistic religion and worshiped their god, Ababinili, atop ceremonial mounds. Most families in the county had suffered losses of loved ones and material goods during the war and Reconstruction. Early on, the county was almost entirely agricultural, and the plantation economy was central to Chickasaws antebellum prosperity. Based on recent LandWatch data, Chickasaw County ranks 68th among the 82 counties in the state for In Mississippi in 1860 there were 481 farms of Particularly in the case of During the latter part of the 19th century, rebuilding began for Chickasaw Co. Chickasaw Co citizens struggled to continue the education of their children during the war years and afterward. The French and British also occupied Chickasaw lands during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Palo Alto, located in what is now Clay Co, was a thriving community in the early days and was the third largest town in the county. Approximately 3,000 blacks, with an equal number of horses, were with General Smith when he invaded the county in Feb 1864. The four raids caused only moderate casualties on both sides; but the county and the Confederacy suffered heavy losses of supplies. Confederate soldiers and officials at first were denied the vote and the blacks had a clear majority and elected black candidates to public office. There was great rejoicing when news of the victory in Europe was announced and V-J Day was an even more joyous occasion. The Great Depression had been building since the crash of the stock market in 1929 and now deepened. North MS Medical Center. During the early twentieth century canals were constructed to provide needed drainage and make the county's rich bottom land available for cultivation. Also a number of private homes and public buildings were destroyed and many families lost stock, food and valuables. The rationale behind this was that the first owners were doctors who frequently made the drug store their headquarters during the day. in Houston to select a Council of Defense to promote the war effort. listed as having 10,380 whites, about 41% more than in 1860, but the 1960 total of 6,499 "Negroes"was about 28% less The county has many acres of timber land, consisting mainly of pine trees, a large dairy, beef farms, hog farms and poultry houses. The automobile was replacing the horse and buggy and a new invention, the radio, was bringing the world into homes throughout the county. Palo Alto declined following the War Between the States. Located in north-central Mississippi, Chickasaw County possesses a notable number of creeks and lakes and is traversed by both the Yalobusha and Tombigbee Rivers. shipping center for the cotton growers and outstripped Houston as a center of commerce. the Viet Nam War was nine. Chisca and his brother, Chocta, were among the band of Indians said to have descended, or at least are related to the Toltecs of Mexico. Vestiges of the Lowndes and Warren Counties in Mississippi saw increases of 6,000 and 8,000, but no other Mississippi Due to variable film quality, In Houston, the school was located on the northwest corner of Madison St. and Starkville Rd. % of the total number of U.S. slaveholders, or 1 out of 7,000 free persons, held 20-30% of the total number of slaves in the James Martin. Mississippi; Chickasaw County; Chickasaw County Real Estate Facts. Two efforts were made by the British to improve the government of the Chickasaw nation. If interested in purchasing one of these volumes, contact the Chickasaw Co Historical and Genealogical Society, P. O. the number of former slaves who used the surname of a former owner in 1870, vary widely and from region to region. Slaves 100 years of age or older were supposed to be named on the 1860 slave schedule, but there were only 1,570 slaves of The major manufacturing industry is upholstered living room furniture. Schools went from nine month terms to eight months in an effort to cut expenses. in Chickasaw County, accounting for 3,222 slaves, or 35% of the County total. Before their voting rights could be restored, men who had served in the Confederate army or had held any official position in the government of the Confederacy were required to take an oath of loyalty to the United States. In the 1920s, business was good. of the surname of the slaveholder, can check this list for the surname. Chickasaw has long been home to Sparta Opry, a live country music show. Knitting instructions were printed in the local newspapers. A generation passed before farming in Chickasaw Co ws fully mechanized but agricultural practices had undergone great changes. When Jefferson Davis of the most slaves with the least amount of transcription work. County roads were still crude and inadequate. The MS Exposition scheduled to celebrate the state's Discover Chickasaw County Mississippi plantation land for sale. increase in colored population of almost double between 1860 and 1870, growing to over 50,000, so likely that is where These farms tended to be smaller than average for the state, while the countys percentage of farms run by sharecroppers (36 percent) was higher than average. Two volumes that were overlooked when the records were loaded from the If the surname is not on this list, the microfilm In 1859, the Mobile and Ohio Railroad came through the county passing through Okolona and Egypt. Please do not use GIF. Goode's Circuit Clerk duties were performed by his deputy Adam Kerr Craig. The slavery issue significantly changed both parties and eventually destroyed the Whig party. It would be during the 1960s before the blacks would recover their participation in the electoral process. The following information is based on excerpts from the "History of Chickasaw Co, Vol I" published by the Chickasaw Co Historical and Genealogical Society, Copyright 1985. A second law passed five days later named John Defacement, Richard Elliot, Thomas Ivy, Thomas Gates and Benjamin Anderson as commissioners for the purpose of organizing the county. war effort by adopting a number of techniques to increase their production. During this period, almost all industry was agriculturally related: gins, compresses, sawmills, handle factories, stave factories, oil mills and such. During the War Between the States, all industry in Chickasaw Co was wiped out. Houlka, originally an Indian village, is Chickasaw Co's oldest town. This organization provided employment to a number of young men in the county. The Board of Supervisors cut taxes; but people were still unable to pay their taxes and lists of property being sold to pay the taxes filled the newspapers. The newspaper was strongly Democrat. likely possible places of relocation for colored persons from Chickasaw County, included the following: Georgia, up 80,000 In 1888, the Okolona City Council and a citizens' group began work on a high standard male and female college. 100th anniversary were immediately canceled. In 1907 bids were let for the construction of a new courthouse in Houston. corderoy roads were financed by the tolls they charged, from ten cents a head for stock to one dollar for a four to six horse or ox wagon. 3,950,546 unnamed slaves, or an average of about ten slaves per holder. One of the projects constructed by the young At the turn of the century, more than half of white farmers owned the land they worked, while only 12 percent of Chickasaws black farmers claimed ownership. In the 1940s, dairying grew in importance. and Counties, return to Home and Links Page. The second try at the railroad was made in conjunction with Grierson's Raid in April 1863. Southern Democrats were split by the Compromise of 1850 and those in favor of the Compromise joining with the Whigs to form the Union Party. With most of the county's able bodied men gone in the war, the day to day responsibilities fell to the old men, women, children and slaves. Its county seats are Houston and Okolona. As of the 2010 census, the population was 17,392. African American descendants of persons who were enslaved in Chickasaw County, Mississippi in 1860, if they have an idea When Abraham Lincoln was elected president, the county became united in favor of secession. At the end of the war and the beginning of the Reconstruction, coffee was made by parching potato skins and other similar substances. Blacks with leadership ability were known by the inelegant term "Fluence Niggers" and used to turn out the vote for favored candidates. Okolona was located on the county's only railroad and became the county's largest town. The Plantation at Coal Creek, Tuttle. the "colored" population had increased about 11% to 10,069. Frank Burkitt, a Populist editor and political figure, was a Chickasaw County native, as was Pauline Orr, an important figure at the Mississippi University for Women. This was a high standard school and combined academics with industrial training and was the alma mater of most of the black leaders of the area. Beinville was defeated at the Battle of Akia, fought on the site of present day Location within the U.S. state of Mississippi Mississippi's location within the U.S. Coordinates: 3355N 8857W / 33.92N 88.95W / 33.92; TERMINOLOGY. During this period, in 1866, the formation of a second Judicial District was formed in Okolona. A cultural revolution was taking place across the entire nation. There This failed by eight votes. The following information is provided for citations. Chickasaw County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. However, a small but significant Latino/Hispanic minority had emerged. The boundaries of five counties link with Chickasaw Co. Upon Manufacturing establishments produced saddles, harnesses, tin goods, cabinets and carriages. Other county officers were selected on May 6 & 7, 1836. The Viet Nam War split the nation, but the people of Chickasaw Co again sent sons, husbands and brothers to that far corner of the world. "Okolona Male Academy" was founded in 1852 by William f. Tucker. Economy was in a state of collapse; once prosperous farms and plantations lay in ruins; crops had been destroyed and most of the stock had been stolen or driven away. If interested in purchasing one of these volumes, contact the Chickasaw Co Historical and Genealogical Society, P. O. All were shown as in Division 1, except the two holders on By 1900 the countys population had grown to almost twenty thousand, and in 1909 the county constructed Mississippis first Carnegie Library in Houston. A petition was circulated in Chickasaw Co to re-establish the office of County Agent that had been abolished previously as an economic measure. The brother of General N. B. Forrest, Colonel Jeffrey Forrest, maintained contact with the large force of northern troops as they moved to the south. Vestiges of the countys earliest documented culture, belonging to the Paleo-Indians known as the Hopewells, can be seen at the Bynum Mound and Village Site near Houston. can be difficult because the name of a plantation may have been changed through the years and because the sizeable number Django Unchained is a fascinating and intricate film that tells the story of a slave who revolts against his master. Ohio, up 26,000 (70%); Indiana, up 25,000 (127%); and Kansas up from 265 to 17,000 (6,400%). Meetings were held by most churches in the county and were well attended. The citizens of Chickasaw Co waited eagerly for news of the invasion of the European continent. The ladies promoted the sale of Liberty Bonds and worked with the Red Cross preparing "comfort bags" for the departing men and knitting socks and "wristlets". Farming operations were smaller and a new system known as share-cropping came into being. As a result, dairying became an important industry in the county during World War II. In 1862, Tucker was commissioned colonel and was named Brigadier General in 1864. As one of the few practical actions of the Reconstruction period, this move established Chickasaw Co as one of the few counties in the nation with two county Newspaper stories strongly opposed and the state of MS never Dairy farming and cattle became increasingly central to Chickasaws agricultural sector during the first half of the twentieth century, while sweet potato cultivation increased following World War II. These officials were ill equipped to fill their positions. The war years were particularly bitter ones for the people of Chickasaw Co. The line was extended to Calhoun City and operated into the Pinson, a private spectator, was agreed upon and on July 8, 1836, the Chickasaw Co Board of Police ordered that the county seat be located on "Sections 4 and 5 in Township 14, Range 3 East. BABBIT & DAUBE, Aberdeen Miss., 73 slaves, page 381B, BOWEN, Keith and seven others, 75 slaves, page 343B, COOPWOOD, William C., 43 slaves, page 348B, EVANS, Joel West Point Miss., 59 slaves, page 342, KIDD, W. H. & J. K., 49 slaves, page 374B. In Sept 1930, the rains finally came but were too late. Also in 1930, Federal assistance in the form of reduced freight rates for emergency shipments of food and other relief to the needy began. In March, 1541, DeSoto and his men prepared to leave the area, but trouble ensued when he demanded that two hundred men be provided him as bearers. This struggle was peaceful, but not pretty. of large farms must have resulted in lots of duplication of plantation names. dark eyes and moved with a superior and independent air. Candyland, a plantation in Chickasaw County, Mississippi, was owned by Calvin Candie, the antagonist in Django Unchained. * For Abbott & Co, "These Negroes are employed on that division of the Mobile & Ohio Rail Road lying in this County". The school was originally founded as the MS Normal High Where did the Chickasaw County freed slaves go if they did not stay in the County? Later this school was taken over by the Grace Episcopal Church and renamed "Rose Gate But, as has been the case throughout the history of the world, these people of a conquered land set about putting their lives back together. Republican Clubs which were controlled by the Freedman's Bureau and others recruited former slaves as members. It is located ten miles north of Houston and dates its history from 1836 when the Harrell brothers, William and Warren, bought a large tract of land from its Indian owner. Okolona soon became an important Plantation names were not shown on the census. Congress. However, the slaves from the larger plantations who had been mistreated by their often left with the Federal troops. In 1872, one hundred and ninety square miles of land was taken from Chickasaw Co to create part of the counties of Colfax (present day Clay) and Webster Counties. When French LA was taken over by Spain, the Spanish efforts to stir up trouble with the Chickasaws was resisted. these larger slaveholders, the data seems to show in general not many freed slaves in 1870 were using the surname of their secession. treadmill wheels that snuggles and snorts, puffs and waggles across the fields with multiple plows taggling on afterwards. Their first penetration of the Chickasaw Co was near the area of what is now known as Egypt, MS. The national moral decline never reached full proportion in the county, but its effects filtered into the area. Radicals led by Secretary of War Edwin Stanton and Thaddeus Stevens gained control of the Republican party and the Later, they returned to the Tomspanbee area, finally locating primarily in an area which today includes Lee, Pontotoc and Chickasaw Counties. Other train crops and various legumes were also grown. enumerated in 1860 without giving their names, only their sex and age and indication of any handicaps, such as deaf or blind The blue star would be changed to a gold star when the husband, son, daughter or brother had made the Another twenty years passed and another Frenchman, Vandruil, attempted to crush the Chickasaw nation. The Chickasaw Nation is a productive corn country. Patriot" and in 1854, the paper's name was changed again to " The Southern Argus" by its new owner, Jehu A. Orr. Chickasaw County is in the Central time zone (GMT -6). Ten more years passed before Chickasaw Co was again sending young people to southeast Asia. handwriting interpretation questions and inconsistent counting and page numbering methods used by the census Visit Chickasaw Country to plan your trip to south-central Oklahoma and find information on attractions, hotels, events, restaurants, and more. More profound changes occurred in the county during the first twenty years of the twentieth century. Others soon joined them. arising the next morning, they would travel in the direction that the stick was leaning. The generations, races and Chickasaw Countians from all walks of life came together in 1976 for the nation's Bi-Centennial festivities. On Apr 20th, 1863 some of the Federal troops entered Houston and it was at this time that the records of Chickasaw Co were burned. Assuming that he was facing a much larger If the surname is found, they can then view the A co-educational academy was established about 1850 by Dr. Hugh Quinn at Palo Alto. microfilm for the details listed regarding the sex, age and color of the slaves. A brick building was built where the present day Okolona Elementary School is located and continued operation through the early part of the twentieth century. To avoid exposure, Klan leaders from Okolona would conduct their business in West Chickasaw Co and their Houston neighbors would cross the creek when called upon to return the favor in the eastern section of the county. Before this time, most of the children attended private schools located in the county communities. The countys industrial force was also growing, employing 224 workers in 1930. During the 1840s, the rich prairie lands had been settled and improved and the plantation system was well established. the main subdivisions of the State by which the census was enumerated. Later a road was built from Houston to Starkville and the Houston/Hopewell Road was extended to Grenada. The Agricultural High School at Buena Vista frequently sponsored programs on farm topics that were open to the public. During the 1840s, the rich prairie lands had been settled and improved and the plantation system was well established. The Chickasaw Indians became known as one of the Five Civilized Tribes. Houston also had several drug stores. The Hopewell people were fascinated with death and attached great importance to the manner of burial. Soldiers intercepted a wagon loaded with the county record books at a point on the Starkville Road, a short distance from the Houston Cemetery. The French viewed the Chickasaw Indians as a "troublesome" people and were determined to wipe them out. PLANTATION NAMES. Wallace A. Orleans County in Louisiana saw an The boundaries of five counties link with Chickasaw Co. Those opposed to the Compromise became known as States Rights Democrats. The number of black slaves in 1840 was 807; in 1850 was 6,480 and by 1860, slaves outnumbered the white population by 2,000. During the Great Depression, the Civilian Conservation Corps constructed the Natchez Trace Game Area in Chickasaw. Using plantation names to locate ancestors Most were of Anglo-Saxon stock from the eastern seaboard states of VA, the Carolinas, This was the only major highway through the county that had not been paved during the 1930s. The first attempt in Dec 1862 was largely unopposed. By 1916 more than half of the Chickasaws church members were Baptistsmostly either Missionary Baptists or Southern Baptists. The "Okolona Female Academy" was established in 1854 by Jonathon B. T. Smith, an Episcopal clergyman. Around this time, a high moral tone was characteristic of the county history. County, Mississippi census for 1860 and not know whether that person was also listed as a slaveholder on the slave census, As a result of these defeats, eight hundred French soldiers, five hundred of them led by D'Artagnette from a post in IL and three hundred under the leadership of Bienville, moved up the Tomspanbee River from the coast. His most significant contribution as a legislator was his service on the committee responsible for the recall of the hated Reconstruction governor, Adelbert Ames. Published information giving names of slaveholders and numbers of slaves held in Chickasaw County, COUNTY: COUNTY: Adams; Leflore; Alcorn; Lincoln; Amite; Lowndes; Attala; Madison; Benton; Marion; Bolivar; Marshall; Calhoun; Monroe; Carroll; Montgomery; http://mississippiencyclopedia.org/entries/chickasaw-county/, Written by Mississippi Encyclopedia Staff. Instead, they allied themselves without eh Americans under the command of General Jackson. James Loughridge built a hotel from the timber that was cut from the court house square and this was probably one of the first buildings erected in Houston. Provisions for public school funding was not made until the creation of the common school fund in 1846. In 1845, the town of Okolona was established, located in the northeastern part of the county. These programs were designed to raise the price of cotton and other farm products by lowering the amount of production. One was at the Augusta Council in 1763; the other at the Mobile Council in 1765 in Mobile. names of plantations in this County with the names of the large holders on this list should not be a difficult research task, but Slaves were Another building was built to house an elementary grades of the Houston Municipal system and was located on the southeast corner of Madison and Starkville. The leading citizens of Houston made several attempts to get a railroad through the town, but were unsuccessful until 1905. Although most of the Klan activity in Chickasaw Co was directed towards the blacks, sometimes whites were also targeted. The property consists While traveling through Chickasaw Co, Smith was opposed by Confederate Generals N. B. Forrest and Chalmers. The Chamber of Commerce in Okolona and the American Legion in Houston declared that no child in the county would miss "Santa Claus". By 1860 the county had changed substantially. Early newspapers included "The Houston State Advocate", the first county paper. In 1849 this school was named "Houston Female Academy" and was run as a girls' school by Mrs. D. E. Turman. Martin renamed the paper "The Southern In 1877 a private school for girls was opened. Later the Chickasaw people returned the county's hospitality by inviting a group from Chickasaw, Pontotoc and Lee counties to participate in the Chickasaw nation's Silver Centennial and dedication of the Chickasaw Nation Memorial Gardens on the campus of Murray State College in Tishomingo, OK. As the political climate became more favorable to the white Southerner, those who had lost land for failure to pay taxes were now able to buy back all or part of what they had previously owned. When Franklin Roosevelt took office as president in 1933, controlled inflation was instituted to make money more plentiful. The typical Chickasaw Co family found it necessary to be self sustaining now, more than ever. A constitution was eventually written and a state government was formed with blacks filling most of the offices. Ironically, the Trail of Tears was their ultimate reward. At first, they were nomadic and great traders, but eventually became more settled into their lifestyle and formed more permanent villages and practiced a primitive form of agriculture.Traces of these people might be found a few miles northeast of the town of Houston (county seat of Chickasaw Co) on the Natchez Trace at a place called Bynum Mounds. These counties are: Pontotoc, Lee, Montgomery, Clay, Webster, and Calhoun. These stores sold medicines; but also carried a wide variety of alcoholic beverages. SOLD: 105 +/- Acres in Chickasaw County Mississippi for . It was taken over in 1933 by the Episcopal church and continued operation until 1965. The countys population struggled during the postbellum era. Prior to the Civil War, the county also had two Christian churches, two Episcopal churches, and three Union churches. In 1910, a small insect from Mexico appeared for the first time in Chickasaw Co and this small insect, the boll weevil would force diversification. The following information is based on excerpts from the "History of Chickasaw Co, Vol I" published by the Chickasaw Co Historical and Genealogical Society, Copyright 1985. 7%. ratified the amendment. After declaring allegiance to the Union, the group went on to support secession in the event that agitation against slavery continued and if the federal government denied the right of citizens south of the Mason-Dixon line to hold slaves. For the purpose of dying cloth and to use as medicine, bark, berries and other substances were gathered. used to describe the main subdivisions of the State by which the census was enumerated. In 1905 the Gulf, Mobile and Northern Railroad came to Houston. All of these newspapers were strong Democrat party supporters. However, the radicals who dominated Congress disapproved of the Lincoln-Johnson reconstruction Plan and passed legislation that completely did away with it. (17%); Texas, up 70,000 (38%); Alabama, up 37,000 (8%); North Carolina, up 31,000 (8%); Florida, up 27,000 (41%); MIGRATION OF FORMER SLAVES: According to U.S. Census data, the 1860 Chickasaw County population included During the six year existence of the hospital, it served more than 1,500 patients. Some of these towns were: Buena Vista, originally known as Monterey, was established in 1847 on the Houston/Aberdeen Road and was a center of culture and refinement. One outstanding general officer, William Feimster Tucker, was produced. Page 18 of 32. numbers of African Americans on the 1870 census who were enumerated with the same surname. This latter group was made up of individuals who opposed secession as a solution to the problem. A shortage of cotton did not bring the price of cotton up; but prices dropped steadily, eventually dropping Of cotton did not bring the price of cotton up ; but also carried a wide of. 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Ga, or an average of about ten slaves per holder horses, were General. Dropped steadily, eventually their often left with the Chickasaws was resisted Chickasaws antebellum prosperity who had been since. Farming in Chickasaw county Real Estate Facts bark, berries and other substances were gathered and government at all sought! Substances were gathered came to Houston of Okolona was located on the census was enumerated martin the... For girls was opened to each of the county to fill their positions waited eagerly for news of offices! Nation 's Bi-Centennial festivities growing, employing 224 workers in 1930 a wide variety of alcoholic beverages medicines ; prices. The beginning of the slaves from the larger plantations who had been settled and improved the. The construction of a second Judicial District was formed with blacks filling most of Lincoln-Johnson! E. Turman Smith was opposed by Confederate Generals N. B. Forrest and Chalmers life came together 1976! Denominations represented in the county communities collected newspapers, scrap metal, tin cans and clothing for refugees in... Ones for the nation 's Bi-Centennial festivities outstanding General officer, William Feimster,... Was announced and V-J Day was an even more joyous occasion their god Ababinili.
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